Automation of Irrigation System For Shallot Plants In Rocky Soil Locations Based On The Internet of Things

Abstract

This research implemented an automated shallot irrigation system in rocky soil locations based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The goal was to design an automatic irrigation tool for these locations and understand how users can access the system's output data. The system uses a NodeMCU ESP32 with a capacitive soil moisture sensor to measure soil moisture content (98.86% accuracy), a DHT11 sensor to measure air temperature (99.31% accuracy) and air humidity (99.24% accuracy), and a rain sensor. It controls a solenoid valve for watering and a pump for spraying pesticides, with sensor data displayed in real-time at https://iot.darmajaya.ac.id/home.html and an application with a 5-second delay. The tool waters automatically when soil humidity is <30% or air humidity is <50%, and stops when soil humidity is ≥50% and air humidity is ≥70%. Pump on/off control is done through the app after rain. Measured soil humidity values range from 19.46% to 79.19%, and air humidity from 17.6% to 96.6%. The system proved effective in supporting shallot growth in rocky soil locations.

Keywords: Application, Shallots, ESP32, Humidity, Irrigation Automation, Website.